Parma (PR), Italia

Concorso d’idee per la realizzazione del nuovo palazzo per uffici della provincia di Parma.

Palazzo dell'ambiente, dell'agricoltura e dell'innovazione.

Archest , Arch. Sonia Soardo, Studio Merlo, Michael Tribus Architecture

Archest (Capogruppo); Studio Merlo; Micheal Tribus Architecture; Arch. Sonia Soardo

ARCHEST (Progettazione) Arch. Annamaria Coccolo (Project Leader); Arch. Daniele Bazzaro (Project Architect); Arch. Gaetano De Napoli (Project Architect); Arch. Eleonora Oleotto (Sostenibilità); Ing. Alessandro Delle Case (Strutture)

Arch. SONIA SOARDO (Progettazione)

MICHEAL TRIBUS ARCHITECTURE (Progettazione) Arch. Michael Tribus

STUDIO MERLO (Progettazione Impiantistica) Ing. Giandomenico Merlo; Ing. Massimiliano Travagini

CONSULENTI Andrea Costa Engineering, Concetti energetici Passivhaus; Strutture di legno e Progettazione sismica: Ing. Prof. Stefano Pampanin; Stima economica: Ing. Luigi Segale

Passive building zero C02 emission Integration of the building in the existing context and landscape Flexibility of spaces and comfort Space created for people

In order to design a building that corresponds to all the fixed aims that are sustainable; conceived in an absolute integration with the site; having efficient energy and plant design; rational in the constructive system and with maximum attention to the comfort and flexibility in the working areas; it is absolutely necessary that every aspect be correlated to the other. The building envelope and shape have been designed following the criterion of maximum energy and comfort efficiency. Therefore, proposing a passive building zero C02 emission. Consequently , calibrated and “intelligent” plant designs were the result. Being aware of this, the fixtures had to be an integrant part of the building to avoid the expenditure of energetic resources and major expenses in maintenance.

The Project

Considering the lot, a compact shape building was individualized as appropriate to the context and adequate from a bioclimatic point of view maximizing the potential of the project site. The basic choice was to propose a compact building with an external façade well illuminated and with a big internal courtyard, illuminated from above and sideways. This could be an urban square, with the prospective of greenhouses, aimed as a place of aggregation. Another point was to rationalize the construction and at the same time guarantee the maximum flexibility of working spaces. In order to do this, pre-stressed compositive laminated wood that consents large spans to be assembled for a modular multi structure can be used according to project needs. – In this specific event , the bodies of regular shapes are extremely flexible and interchanging. They adapt to the shape of the building through points of hub and correspond in vertical lifts . This system, can be repeatable because the layouts are not predefined. Formal rigidity is avoided in the planning of the building, maintaining the rationality of the work spaces and is mutable in many combinations. The three regular form blocks kept together for the five floors above ground by special elements that act as hinges of the building, defining the central courtyard. With a system that can be called “small boxes”, the items are made with regular modules chosen from an abacus of possible solutions or through the removal of spaces to make way for the bioclimatic greenhouses These structural systems are rapidly brought about. They are sustainable because they are made of wood, recyclable, can be assembled and disassembled. They complete themselves by the choice of facades made with the same materials. Other than having a high energy performance, they are also installed in brief time. The external , which differ according to the guidelines, were designed with blind parts and glass parts arranged with ribbon development. This option allows to maintain the unity of the facades dosing the relationship between empty and full compliance with the lighting needs and energy. In the range of the design, it is indeed possible to differentiate the thickness of the sides for shading of windows and both vary the quantity of windows in the façade. Along the south facade, large windows for energy intake in winter are put in place with an overhang that provides shade in the summer. On the east and west, the overhang is reduced and the size of the glass is minor; the window on the north is placed flush with the facade. The evolution of tape blind parts is regular for most of the perimeter and undergoes substantial changes in shares corresponding to “hubs” of the building and therefore the vertical lift. Highlighting the theme of the project remains the regular constructive – structure with the only exceptions given by connecting elements. The main entrance to the building, along the front north-west, is marked by discontinuity of the “tapes”, of the recessed glass wall and of the presence of the extension of the base characterized by a green roof, the latter along the prospectus generates a south porch and connecting the first level of the building to share the future forest site to the east. The continuity between inside and outside, and then the natural element that enters the building, was another of the basic design choices.

Comfort and flexibility

Attention to thermal, acoustic and visual comfort were combined together with all the most advanced concepts to obtain a kind of social well being for its employees. This is explained along side the work spaces, considerable attention was given to some services and common space to promote socializing. As regards to the project of work space, it is necessary to program the possibility that characteristics and dimensions of spaces could change with time. Maximum flexibility has been studied regarding mesh structure and modularity so that there can be a reasonable distribution of plants permitting any future variability to the dispositions of the offices without implementing costs.

The Coordinated design- building plan

The building energy performance characteristics, obtained through a form optimized to enhance the features of the site, a surface / volume ratio and a careful choice of building materials, and packet, resulting in an integrated design, have led to a finding plant-technological co-ordinated and designed to ensure comfort conditions interior reaching the objectives of energy savings and, in particular, environmental sustainability by adopting the requirement of CO2 emissions equal to 0. Careful analysis of the site, having revealed severe limitations due to the presence of potable water wells, involved a choice based plant to use energy obtainable from photovoltaic systems, combined with reversible heat pump systems, and solar heat. The building plant system The project places plants as part of the building, rendering the energy protagonist, through the use of attics thermal active, opaque structures buffering characteristics of thermal lag optimized to achieve maximum environmental comfort and natural ventilation, summer night, guaranteed after a careful technical analysis of temperature gradients managed and controlled by the central atrium. Time lag and thermal mass is used in the floors to hold thermal active peak energy demand. Thus limiting the potential of thermo-cooling machines that are characterized by a constant operation during the arc-seasonal daily, ensure high production yields.

Energy source and structure of the plant

The energy balance of the building-plant system provides indices Epi = 4.91 = 15.11 kWh/m2anno kWh/m2anno and Epe. The energy transfer to heat transfer fluid is provided by two groups of air-water heat pump: one for the exclusive use of hot circuits, the second seasonal service for power systems thermoactive. The production of hot water is provided entirely produced by solar collectors, including the entire span of the winter season. The air exchange is provided by UTA dedicated to office and unit areas for the exclusive use of the conference room. Air handling units with particularly high energy recovery efficiency of at least 80% and dehumidification were selected by means of the lithium chloride solution to thermal regeneration. The climate of each office and compensation of peak energy requirements are guaranteed by variable air flow system, designed primarily to groups dedicated to individual offices or office / local. The electricity for the operation of electrical and mechanical technology is produced by solar panels installed on the roof, capable of delivering an annual production estimated at about 390,000 kW / h per year.

The water cycle

It provides for the recovery of rainwater from the roof of the building and the recovery of gray water from toilets and catering .It undergoes a treatment by double filtration system before entry the storage tank to be reused for toilet flushing and rinsing out of sanitary wares. Avoiding the use of potable water for toilet flushing, technological solutions allow further reduction of the drinking water needs. Using ventilators in the nozzles and activating infra-red to avoid wastage of water and the installation of pressure limiter. The recirculation pump drive via motion detector allows a reduction of overall energy needs. These technologies, combined with the planned recovery, for reducing the consumption of drinking water from 70 l / person day to 19.6 l / person day.

Electrical systems and management

The realization of the electrical distribution plant provides a kind of centre of gravity compared to the loads supplied in order to reduce the lengths of supply lines and therefore the effects and losses due to the effect electrosmog joules. To reduce energy consumption in stand-by equipment, the users of intelligent terminals is expected to automatically disconnect when not in use, ensuring preservation of the safety of users and privileged users. To reduce energy consumption, Epill kWh/m2yr = 16.75, and optimize visual comfort in different areas in which the contribution of natural lighting is being promoted , lighting fixtures with electronic ballasts with automatic control to modulate the light intensity are installed , allowing a level of average illumination constant with external solar inputs.

The structured wiring will meet the specifications of the Category 6 and is implemented through software and planned energy-efficient devices through careful planning and active data management systems.

Pre-stressed compositive laminated wood structure

The structural solution proposed for the realisation of the office building uses one of the most advance and innovated constructive systems developed international known as Pres-Lam ( pre-stressed laminated wood) .It is able to guarantee the construction of multi-storey buildings in laminated wood with structural and anti-seismic performance similar if not superior to those built of traditional concrete solutions. The Pres-Lam was developed in New Zealand at the University of Canterbury. It is based on the possibility of joining structural elements in laminated wood by means of pre-stressing technique similar to concrete frames for both solutions .This will guarantee open space solutions particularly suitable for the needs of managerial multi-story building.

(Italian version)

TEMI

- declinazione della sostenibilità in tutte le sue forme e quindi risparmio delle risorse; - integrazione assoluta tra sito ed edificio e tra edificio e impianti, scelta edificio passivo ad energia netta nulla; - innovazione tecnologica, semplificazione esecutiva e razionalizzazione dei costi; - massima attenzione alle persone e anche in quest’ottica, alla flessibilità degli spazi; - realizzazione di un modello ripetibile e divulgabile, non autoreferenziale ma riconoscibile.

L’EDIFICIO

LA FORMA

La scelta di base è stata quella di proporre un edificio compatto con fronti esterni ben illuminati e una grande corte interna, con funzione di luogo di aggregazione, illuminata sia dall’alto che lateralmente, mediante serre che si aprono lungo i prospetti. La scelta di progettare un edificio compatto incide notevolmente sui consumi energetici: minore è la superficie che definisce il volume riscaldato, minore è la superficie di scambio termico (disperdente), minori sono le perdite di calore.

I CONTENUTI

L’altro punto fermo è stato quello di razionalizzare la costruzione e nel contempo garantire la massima flessibilità degli spazi lavorativi. Per arrivare a questo obiettivo si è pensato ad un sistema strutturale modulare multipiano (maglia 6,25×12,50×3,2 ml) in legno lamellare precompresso ( Pres-Lam), che permette di avere grandi campate assemblabili secondo i requisiti di progetto. Nel caso specifico si è pensato a corpi di forma regolare, quindi estremamente flessibili e intercambiabili, che vengono combinati ed adattati alla forma dell’edificio attraverso punti di snodo, che corrispondono alle risalite verticali. Questo sistema, che diventa un punto di forza proprio perché ripetibile secondo schemi non predefiniti, permette di ottenere qualsiasi forma di edificio pur mantenendo la razionalità degli spazi lavorativi, coniugabili in molte combinazioni determinate da esigenze specifiche. Nell’edificio di progetto, questi principi sono applicati per ottenere la forma voluta che in questo caso viene composta con tre blocchi di forma regolare, (che possono corrispondere ai tre dipartimenti provinciali), tenuti assieme per i cinque piani fuori terra da elementi speciali che fungono da cerniere del sistema edificio e assicurano nel contempo la mobilità interna. Con un sistema, che può definirsi “ a cassetti ”, gli elementi regolari vengono composti con moduli scelti da un abaco delle soluzioni possibili o attraverso la sottrazione di spazi per lasciare posto alle serre bioclimatiche. Questo sistema strutturale, veloce da mettere in opera, sostenibile perché possiede a pieno titolo questa qualifica essendo in legno, riciclabile, smontabile e rimontabile, si completa con la scelta delle facciate esterne, realizzate con lo stesso materiale e quindi oltre che molto prestazionali sotto il profilo energetico, installabili anch’esse “a secco” e con tempi rapidi.

I fronti esterni, che si differenziano a seconda degli orientamenti, sono stati progettati con parti cieche e parti vetrate disposte con andamento nastriforme. Questa scelta permette di mantenere l’unitarietà delle facciate dosando però i rapporti tra vuoti e pieni rispetto alle esigenze illuminotecniche ed energetiche. Nell’ambito del motivo conduttore del nastro, è infatti possibile differenziare lo spessore delle facciate per l’ombreggiamento delle finestre e nel contempo variare la quantità di parte vetrata della facciata. Lungo il prospetto sud, le finestre, di grande dimensione per l’apporto energetico invernale, sono messe in opera con un aggetto di 60 cm. che consente l’ombreggiamento nella stagione estiva, ad est ed ovest, l’aggetto è di 30 cm. e la dimensione delle vetrate è minore, a nord il serramento è posto a filo facciata. L’andamento a nastro delle parti cieche, che è regolare per la maggior parte del perimetro, subisce consistenti variazioni nelle parti corrispondenti agli “snodi” dell’edificio e cioè le risalite verticali, evidenziando il filo conduttore del progetto che resta quello della regolarità costruttiva – strutturale con le sole eccezioni date dagli elementi di connessione. L’ingresso principale all’edificio, lungo il fronte nord-ovest, è evidenziato dalla discontinuità “dei nastri”, dall’arretramento della parete vetrata e dalla presenza del prolungamento del basamento caratterizzato da una copertura verde; quest’ultimo, lungo il prospetto sud genera un porticato e raccorda il primo livello dell’edificio alla quota del futuro bosco posto a est. Variazioni dei prospetti sono anche visibili in corrispondenza delle serre. Nella progettazione delle facciate si è comunque scelto di privilegiare gli aspetti “ climatici”, legati al risparmio energetico rispetto a quelli formali e di utilizzare “una pelle” altamente performante ma con semplice finitura, con la consapevolezza che un edificio che vuole esprimere concetti di sostenibilità deve essere virtuoso in tutte le sue componenti. La quantità di parti vetrate e parti cieche è stata attentamente studiata, simulando le condizioni di apporto solare in ogni periodo temporale, per evitare il surriscaldamento estivo senza penalizzare la luce naturale all’interno degli uffici (modulabile attraverso il sistema schermante delle tende a lamelle curve) e quindi massimizzare il risparmio energetico

Europaconcorsi Beta

Concorso d’idee per la realizzazione del nuovo palazzo per uffici della provincia di Parma.